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Setting bathroom
floor tile is a project that many homeowners tackle every weekend. However
before starting a bathroom floor tile installation project it is important that
you do a little upfront research and preparation.
Bathroom Floor Tile Preparation
To install
bathroom floor tile properly I prefer to remove the toilet and bathroom vanity
from the bathroom. In addition, I remove all of the existing baseboard trim.
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Leaving these
items in the bathroom complicate the tiling process and usually result in less
than a professional look. Leaving a toilet in place, for example, requires a lot
more complicated tile cuts then simply temporarily removing the toilet.
It is important when setting bathroom floor tile that the subfloor is level and
rigid. There should be no deflection in the subfloor. Otherwise your tiles may
wind up breaking or loosening over time. The subfloor usually consists of a
concrete floor, or a ¾” tongue and grooved plywood subfloor with another top
layer of either ¼” exterior grade plywood or cement backer board. It is
imperative that the top layer be thoroughly screwed down with coarse threaded
deck or drywall screws.
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I typically
install screws on 6” centers across the entire surface area of the bathroom
floor.
Thinset Mortar or Mastic for Setting Bathroom Floor Tiles
When setting
bathroom floor tiles, you should always use a latex modified thinset mortar.
Do not use a mastic product when setting bathroom floor tiles. A bathroom is a
wet area. Mastic will break down over time when exposed to water, which will
ultimately lead to failed or loosened ceramic floor tiles.
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Laying out Bathroom Floor Tiles
When installing
and setting bathroom floor tiles it is always important to first layout a couple
of test rows and columns of tiles in an X-Y pattern. Lay the bathroom ceramic
floor tiles out on the bare subfloor without any mortar applied to the subfloor.
Place your test rows and columns of tiles in the center of the bathroom to see
where tiles will need to be cut along the bathroom wall edges. Also make sure to
space the tiles according to your desired joint widths. Ideally you want to
locate rows or columns of cut ceramic tiles in less observed areas, and
preferably so that you only need to make cuts along 1 or 2 wall edges.
Once you have figured out roughly where to start your tiles to reduce the
visibility of cut tiles, make a couple of marks on the subfloor with a pencil.
The marks should be made next to a couple of the tiles that are roughly centered
on the bathroom floor. Then use a tape measure and a straight edge to draw
horizontal and vertical perpendicular lines from the center of the subfloor and
coincident with the pencil marks. In addition, draw additional parallel lines to
these main horizontal and vertical center lines to help maintain straight lines
when setting the bathroom floor tiles.
Setting Bathroom Floor Tiles
After you have
made your reference lines, prepare some latex modified thinset mortar and begin
the process of setting the bathroom floor tiles. Mix up only enough thinset
mortar to allow you to set about 30 to 45 minutes of ceramic floor tiles. Also,
do not add water to the thinset mortar if it begins to stiffen up. Doing so will
weaken the ability of the thinset mortar to bond the tile to the subfloor
adequately.
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Photo By Mark Donovan |
When setting bathroom ceramic floor tiles, start at the intersection of your two
main horizontal and vertical lines and work your way outwards in the direction
of one wall. Make the necessary tile cuts along the wall edge to complete the
first section of installed tiles. Also, make sure to space the bathroom floor
tiles properly. You can purchase tile spacers to help in this process. They come
in a variety of different widths.
Starting from the center lines again, continue to set ceramic bathroom floor
tiles in the other directions, again using your reference lines to keep the
ceramic tiles running straight.
After setting the bathroom floor tile, allow the thinset mortar to set up for 24
hours before grouting.
Grouting Bathroom Ceramic Floor Tile
To grout bathroom
ceramic floor tile, use grout with a grout additive to ensure a solid bond to
the ceramic floor tile. Use a tile float to work the grout into the ceramic tile
joints. Make sure to hold the float at about a 33 to 45 degree angle and run the
tile float across the joints at a 45 degree angle when applying the grout.
Immediately after grouting the bathroom floor tile, wipe the tile down with a
damp sponge and a bucket of water. You will need to continuously rinse the
sponge.
After sponging down the bathroom ceramic floor tile, repeat the process two more
times at 30 minute intervals.
Allow the grout to set up for 24 to 48 hours before reinstalling the toilet,
bathroom vanity and baseboard trim.
See
My Shower Pan Installation Ebook to Learn How to Install a Mortar Shower Pan: For a detailed set of
instructions on building a shower pan, including pictures and a detailed
cross-sectional view of the make-up of a shower pan, see my “Shower Pan Membrane
Liner Ebook”.
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