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Different Kinds of Furnaces
Household Furnace
Household Furnaces, used to disperse cold from within a structure and provide
hot water, have several different means of production and require any one of a
variation of fuel sources: natural gas, fuel oil, coal, or wood.
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The two most common household furnaces are combustion and condensation. The
first kind requires an exhaust and relies on burning fuel to generate heat. The
second recycles heat by extracting it from the exhaust gases. This kind, being
acidic, is designed to prevent corrosion and has a condensate pump to remove any
water buildup that will occur. Heat distribution also has different means. If
the means of heat distribution require water or steam, the mechanical device
generating the heat is commonly referred to as a boiler. |
Many modern furnaces in the United Stated, however, use
forced-air heat. Convection, or air distribution, directs cold air into a
heating chamber and then blows it out through a system of ductwork into the
structure.
Metallurgical Furnace
Metallurgical furnaces create heat for several purposes: smeltering, reducing
iron ore to pig iron, steelmaking, and remelting and molding metal. Where blast
furnaces are used to reduce iron ore into pig iron, various kinds of steelmaking
furnaces are made for a multitude of other purposes: Puddling furnace,
reverberatory furnace, Bessemer converter, open hearth furnace, basic oxygen
furnace, electric arc furnace, electric induction furnace. Each of these treats
metal in a different way based on its intended purpose. Needless to say, all
metallurgical furnaces require extreme temperatures to successfully perform
their respective functions.
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Industrial Furnace
Industrial furnaces, usually immense, are also call direct fired heaters. These
furnaces have a couple different purposes: providing heat for a production
process or serving as a reactor. These furnaces are uniquely designed, depending
on each furnace’s intended function, heating manner, type of fuel, and method of
air combustion, but they all have common features, namely mechanisms that, when
working together, produce heat. Typically, fuel is fed into a burner and is
converted into heat via blasts of air blown in by an air blower. Combustion
takes place in a firebox, radiating heating fluid through a series of tubes
where it achieves its desired temperature. Flue gas, generated through
combustion, leaves the firebox, but the convection section recovers more heat
from the exhaust before discharging through the smokestack.
Incinerating Furnaces
Incinerating furnaces, or incinerators, typically are used to burn, or cremate,
waste. This kind of furnace can be categorized as an industrial furnace due to
its size, productive function, and the fact that industrial plants use
incinerators to minimize their waste. Where incinerators are different than
other industrial furnaces, however, is that they don’t assist in actual
production; they only destroy waste. Their manner of fuel and performance,
though, are the same as other industrial furnaces.
Furnaces are amazing devices, but they must be respected at all times. People
who don’t respect such power, or don’t know how to properly use it, are liable
to get burned!
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